incoterms

INCOTERMS, acronym of International Commercial Terms, constitute the set of rules and reference guides for international trade, which uniquely and unmistakably define every right and obligation to different legal entities involved in an operation to transfer assets from one country to another.

The I. C. C. has revised the INCOTERMS in 2010 updating the intervening changes of trade worldwide (eg acknowledging the preponderance of electronic communications and new security requirements in transport).

In particular, we can see that the 2010 revision of the rules would reduce from 13 to 11, with a suppression of Incoterms DDU - D.E.Q. - D.E.S. -D.A.F. creating two new acronyms, among which we highlight the importance of the DAT(Delivered at the Terminal), which considers the Terminal as place of delivery, is that widely used especially for the goods in container.

The Incoterms 2010 will be consequently reorganized into the following groups:

Incoterms group E

EXW

Incoterms group F

FCA-FAS-FOB

Incoterms group C

CFR-CIF-CPT-CIP

Inconterms group D

DAP-DAT- DDP

  • Works, Warehouse, etc

  • Carrier

  • Departure Quay

  • Ship's rail port of shipment

  • Frontier

  • Ex Ship

  • Port/Arrival Quay

  • Place of destination

  • Further destination

EXW-E
costs and risks, also for the loading on the buyer's means E I
FCA-F
costs and risks also loading, if at the seller's premises E OT
costs and risk, including the unloading from the seller's means, if the delivery is carried out elsewhere than at the seller's premises I
FAS-F
costs and risks E
costs and risks I
FOB-F
costs and risks E
costs and risks I
CFR-C
costs and risks E T
costs (excluding freight) and risks I
freight (including unloading costs, costs for the use of barges, ans so on, if included in the contract of carriage)
CIF-C
costs and risks E T A
costs (excluding freight) and risks I
freight (including unloading costs for the use of barges ans so on, if included in the contract of carriage) plus insurance costs
CPT-C
costs and risks E T
costs (excluding carriage costs) and risks I
carriage costs (including unloading costs, if included in the contract of carriage)
carriage I
CIP-C
costs and risks E T A
costs (excluding carriage costs) and risks I
carriage costs (including unloading costs, if included in the contract of carriage) plus insurance costs
carriage I
DAP-D
costs and risks. E T
costs and risks, importer is responsible for effecting customs clearance and paying any customs duties. I
DAT-D
costs and risks E T
costs and risks, including the unloading of the ship I
DDP-D
costs and risks, excluding the unloading from the seller's means E T I
costs and risks
  • S Seller's obligations
  • B Buyer's obligations
  • OT Refers to the right of contract for the carriage of the goods
  • T Refers to the obligation to contract for the carriage of the goods
  • A Refers ti the obligation to contract for insurance
  • E Refers to the obligation to clear the goods for export
  • I Refers to the obligation to clear the goods for import

target markets

mexico - usa - canada - brazil - europe - middle east - far east - australia